Tirohanga Whānui
E mōhio ana te nuinga o te tangata ka pā te parahanga o waho ki tō rātou hauora, engari ka pā kino hoki te parahanga o roto ki te hauora. E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau a te EPA mō te pānga o te tangata ki ngā parahanga o roto, ko ngā taumata parahanga o roto e rua ki te rima ngā wā teitei ake - ā, i ētahi wā neke atu i te 100 ngā wā - i ngā taumata o waho.1 He mea nui ēnei taumata parahanga o roto, nā te mea e 90 ōrau o te wā e pau ana i roto i te whare te nuinga o te tangata. Mō ngā kaupapa o tēnei aratohu, ko te whakamāramatanga o te whakahaere kounga hau pai o roto (IAQ) ko:
- Te whakahaere i ngā poke o te rangi;
- Te whakaurunga me te tohatoha i te hau o waho e tika ana; me
- Te pupuri i te pāmahana me te haumākū e whakaaetia ana
Kāore e taea te wareware i te pāmahana me te haumākū, nā te mea ko ngā āwangawanga mō te whakamarie o te wera te pūtake o ngā amuamu maha mō te "kounga hau kino." Hei tāpiri, ko te pāmahana me te haumākū ētahi o ngā āhuatanga maha e pā ana ki ngā taumata poke o roto.
Me whai whakaaro anō hoki ki ngā pūtake o waho, nā te mea ka uru te hau o waho ki ngā whare kura mā roto i ngā matapihi, ngā tatau me ngā pūnaha whakapūhau. Nō reira, ko ngā mahi kawe waka me te tiaki i te whenua ka noho hei āhuatanga e pā ana ki ngā taumata poke o roto me te kounga o te hau o waho i runga i te whenua kura.
He aha te hiranga o te IAQ?
I ngā tau tata nei, kua whakarārangihia e ngā rangahau mōrearea whakatairite i mahia e te Poari Tohutohu Pūtaiao a te EPA (SAB) te parahanga o te hau o roto i roto i ngā mōrearea taiao e rima ki te hauora tūmatanui. He wāhanga nui te IAQ pai o te taiao hauora o roto, ā, ka taea e ia te āwhina i ngā kura ki te whakatutuki i tā rātou whāinga matua o te whakaako i ngā tamariki.
Ki te kore e āraihia, e aro wawetia rānei ngā raruraru IAQ, ka nui ake ngā pānga hauora mō ngā ākonga me ngā kaimahi i te wā roa, i te wā poto hoki, pēnei i:
- Te maremare;
- Te riri o ngā kanohi;
- Ngā mamae o te upoko;
- Ngā uruparenga mate pāwera;
- Whakarei ake i te mate huango me/ranei ētahi atu mate manawa; ā,
- I ētahi wā onge, ka uru atu ki ngā āhuatanga morearea pērā i te mate a Legionnaire, te paihana hauota waro rānei.
Tata ki te 1 i roto i te 13 o ngā tamariki kura e pāngia ana e te mate huango, koinei te tino take o te kore haere ki te kura nā te mate mau tonu. He nui ngā taunakitanga e whakaatu ana ko te pānga o ngā mate pāwera ki te taiao o roto (pēnei i ngā mite puehu, ngā pepeke, me ngā pokepokea ai) he wāhi nui ki te whakaoho i ngā tohumate huango. He mea noa ēnei mate pāwera i roto i ngā kura. He taunakitanga anō hoki e whakaatu ana ko te pānga o te hauhautanga tīhiera mai i ngā pahi kura me ētahi atu waka ka whakanui ake i te mate huango me ngā mate pāwera. Ka taea e ēnei raruraru te:
- Te pānga ki te haerenga mai, te whakamarie, me te mahi a ngā ākonga;
- Whakaitihia te mahi a ngā kaiako me ngā kaimahi;
- Whakateretere ake i te hekenga o te kounga o ngā taonga me ngā taputapu o te kura, me te whakaiti i te whai huatanga o ngā mahi a ngā kaimahi me ngā taputapu o te kura;
- Te whakanui ake i te tūponotanga o te kati o ngā kura, te neke rānei i ngā kainoho;
- Ngā whanaungatanga taumaha i waenga i ngā kaiwhakahaere o te kura, ngā mātua me ngā kaimahi;
- Waihangahia he pānuitanga kino;
- Te pānga ki te whakawhirinaki o te hapori; me
- Waihangahia ngā raruraru kawenga.
He ngawari noa iho ngā raruraru hau o roto, ā, kāore e kitea wawetia ngā pānga ki te hauora, ki te oranga tinana, ki te tipu tinana rānei. Ko ngā tohu ko te ānini, te ngenge, te poto o te manawa, te pupuhi o te ihu, te maremare, te tihe, te whanoke, te whakapairuaki, me te riri o te kanohi, te ihu, te korokoro, me te kiri. Kāore pea ngā tohu e puta mai i te ngoikore o te kounga o te hau, engari ka taea hoki te puta mai i ētahi atu āhuatanga, pērā i te mārama ngoikore, te ahotea, te haruru me ētahi atu. Nā te rerekētanga o ngā aro o ngā kainoho kura, ka pā pea ngā raruraru IAQ ki tētahi rōpū tāngata, ki tētahi tangata rānei, ā, ka pā pea ki ia tangata i ngā huarahi rerekē.
Ko ngā tāngata e tino pāngia ana e ngā poke o te hau o roto, ko ēnei anake, engari kāore i te herea ki:
- Te mate huango, te mate pāwera, te aro rānei ki ngā matū;
- Ngā mate manawa;
- Ngā pūnaha ārai mate kua pehia (nā te irahiko, te chemotherapy, te mate rānei); me
- Ngā karaihe whakapā.
Tērā pea ētahi rōpū tāngata ka tino pāngia e ētahi poke, e ngā ranunga poke rānei. Hei tauira, ko te hunga whai mate manawa ka nui ake te pānga kino o te pānga ki te hauota waro i te hunga hauora. Ko te hunga e pāngia ana e te nui o te hauota hauhā he nui ake te mōrearea ki ngā mate manawa.
Hei tāpiritanga, tera pea ka ngawari ake te whanaketanga o ngā tinana o ngā tamariki ki ngā pānga taiao i ērā o ngā pakeke. He nui ake te manawa o ngā tamariki i te hau, te kai i te kai, me te inu i te wai e rite ana ki te taumaha o ō rātou tinana i ērā o ngā pakeke. Nō reira, he mea nui te kounga o te hau i roto i ngā kura. Ehara i te mea he take "kounga" anake te tiaki tika i te hau o roto; engari kei roto ko te haumaru me te tiaki i tō haumitanga ki ngā ākonga, ki ngā kaimahi me ngā whare.
Mō ētahi atu kōrero, tirohiaKounga Hau o Roto.
Ngā Tohutoro
1. Wallace, Lance A., et al. Rangahau Tikanga Aromatawai Whakamārama Katoa (TEAM): Ngā whakamāramatanga whaiaro, ngā whanaungatanga o roto, o waho, me ngā taumata manawa o ngā matū waro pūngāwerewere i New Jersey.Taiao. Ao Whānui.1986,12, 369-387.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0160412086900516
Haere mai i https://www.epa.gov/iaq-schools/why-indoor-air-quality-important-schools
Wā tuku: Hepetema-15-2022