He aha te Auahi Tuarua?
Ko te auahi tuarua he ranunga o te auahi e tukuna ana e te tahunga o ngā hua tupeka, pērā i ngā hikareti, ngā hikā, ngā paipa rānei, me te auahi e tukuna ana e ngā kaipaipa. Ka kiia hoki te auahi tuarua he auahi tupeka taiao (ETS). Ko te pānga ki te auahi tuarua ka kiia he auahi koretake, he auahi koretake rānei. Ko te auahi tuarua, e whakarōpūtia ana e te EPA hei matū whakaputa mate pukupuku Rōpū A, kei roto neke atu i te 7,000 ngā matū. He maha ngā wā ka pāngia te auahi tuarua i roto i te whare, inā koa i roto i ngā whare me ngā motuka. Ka taea e te auahi tuarua te neke i waenga i ngā rūma o te whare me waenga i ngā whare noho. Ko te whakatuwhera i te matapihi, te whakanui ake rānei i te hauhautanga i roto i te whare, i te motuka rānei, ehara i te mea hei tiaki i te auahi tuarua.
He aha ngā pānga hauora o te auahi tuarua?
He kino, he maha hoki ngā pānga hauora o te auahi paowa tuarua ki ngā pakeke me ngā tamariki kāore e kai paipa. Ka puta te mate manawa (te mate ngākau me te whiu), te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu, te mate pēpi ohorere, ngā whakaekenga huango e maha ake ana, e kino ake ana, me ētahi atu raruraru hauora nui. He maha ngā aromatawai hauora nui kua mahia mō te auahi paowa tuarua.
Ngā kitenga matua:
- Kāore he taumata kore mōrearea o te pānga ki te auahi tuarua.
- Mai i te Pūrongo a te Tākuta Matua o te tau 1964, e 2.5 miriona ngā pakeke kāore i te kaipaipa i mate nā te hongi i te auahi tuarua.
- E tata ana ki te 34,000 ngā matenga wawe i te mate ngakau i ia tau i roto i te United States i waenga i te hunga kore-paipa e pāngia ana e te auahi tuarua.
- Ko te hunga kāore e kaipaipa ana e pāngia ana e te auahi tuarua i te kāinga, i te mahi rānei, ka piki ake te mōrearea ki te pāngia e te mate manawa mā te 25-30%.
- He maha ngā mate pukupuku pūkahukahu e pāngia ana e te auahi tuarua i waenga i te hunga kore-paipa o Amerika i ia tau.
- Ko te hunga kāore e kaipaipa ana e pāngia ana e te auahi tuarua i te kāinga, i te mahi rānei, ka piki ake te mōrearea ki te pāngia e te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu mā te 20-30%.
- He maha ngā raruraru hauora e pā ana ki ngā pēpi me ngā tamariki mai i te auahi tuarua, tae atu ki ngā whakaekenga huango e auau ana, e kino ana hoki, ngā mate manawa, ngā mate taringa, me te mate ohorere o te pēpi.
He aha ngā mea ka taea e koe te mahi hei whakaiti i te pānga ki te auahi tuarua?
Mā te whakakore i te auahi tuarua i roto i te taiao o roto ka whakaiti i ōna pānga kino ki te hauora, ka whakapai ake i te kounga o te hau o roto, me te whakamarie, te hauora rānei o ngā kainoho. Ka taea te whakaiti i te pānga o te auahi tuarua mā te whakatinanatanga o te kaupapa here kore auahi kua whakahaua, kua tūao rānei. Ko ētahi wāhi mahi me ngā wāhi tūmatanui kua kati pērā i ngā pae me ngā wharekai he kore auahi e ai ki te ture. Ka taea e te tangata te whakatū me te whakamana i ngā ture kore auahi i roto i ō rātou ake kāinga me ngā waka. Mō ngā whare noho maha-whānau, ko te whakatinanatanga o te kaupapa here kore auahi he mea whakahau, he mea tūao rānei, i runga i te momo whenua me te wāhi (hei tauira, te mana whakahaere me te mana whakahaere).
- Kei te noho te kāinga hei wāhi e pāngia ai ngā tamariki me ngā pakeke e te auahi tuarua. (Pūrongo a te Tākuta Matua, 2006)
- He iti ake te PM2.5 o ngā whare kei roto i ngā whare he kaupapa here kore auahi, ki te whakaritea ki ngā whare kāore i te whakamahi i ēnei kaupapa here. Ko te PM2.5 he ine mō ngā matūriki iti i te rangi, ā, e whakamahia ana hei tohu mō te kounga o te hau. Ka pā kino pea te nui o ngā matūriki ki te hauora ki ngā taumata tiketike o te hau. (Russo, 2014)
- Ko te aukati i te momi hikareti i roto i te whare te huarahi anake hei whakakore i te auahi tuarua i roto i te whare. Ka taea e ngā tikanga hauhautanga me te tātari te whakaiti, engari kāore e whakakore, i te auahi tuarua. (Bohoc, 2010)
Haere mai i https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/secondhand-smoke-and-smoke-free-homes
Wā tuku: 30 o Ākuhata 2022