He aha te Auahi Tuarua?
Ko te auahi tuarua he ranunga o te auahi e tukuna ana e te tahunga o ngā hua tupeka, pērā i ngā hikareti, ngā hikā, ngā paipa rānei, me te auahi e tukuna ana e ngā kaipaipa. Ka kiia hoki te auahi tuarua he auahi tupeka taiao (ETS). Ko te pānga ki te auahi tuarua ka kiia i ētahi wā he momi hikareti koretake, he momi hikareti kore mahi rānei. Ko te auahi tuarua, e whakarōpūtia ana e te EPA hei mate pukupuku Rōpū A, kei roto neke atu i te 7,000 ngā matū. He maha ngā wā ka pāngia te auahi tuarua i roto i te whare, inā koa i roto i ngā whare me ngā motuka. Ka taea e te auahi tuarua te neke i waenga i ngā rūma o te whare me waenga i ngā whare noho. Ko te whakatuwhera i te matapihi, te whakanui ake rānei i te hauhautanga i roto i te whare, i te motuka rānei, ehara i te mea hei tiaki i te auahi tuarua.
He aha ngā pānga hauora o te auahi tuarua?
He kino, he maha hoki ngā pānga hauora o te auahi paowa tuarua ki ngā pakeke me ngā tamariki kāore e kai paipa. Ka puta te mate manawa (te mate ngākau me te whiu), te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu, te mate pēpi ohorere, ngā whakaekenga huango e maha ake ana, e kino ake ana, me ētahi atu raruraru hauora nui. He maha ngā aromatawai hauora nui kua mahia mō te auahi paowa tuarua.
Ngā kitenga matua:
- Kāore he taumata kore mōrearea o te pānga ki te auahi tuarua.
- Mai i te Pūrongo a te Tākuta Matua o te tau 1964, e 2.5 miriona ngā pakeke kāore i te kaipaipa i mate nā te hongi i te auahi tuarua.
- E tata ana ki te 34,000 ngā matenga wawe i te mate ngakau i ia tau i roto i te United States i waenga i te hunga kore-paipa e pāngia ana e te auahi tuarua.
- Ko te hunga kāore e kaipaipa ana e pāngia ana e te auahi tuarua i te kāinga, i te mahi rānei, ka piki ake te mōrearea ki te pāngia e te mate manawa mā te 25-30%.
- He maha ngā mate pukupuku pūkahukahu e pāngia ana e te auahi tuarua i waenga i te hunga kore-paipa o Amerika i ia tau.
- Ko te hunga kāore e kaipaipa ana e pāngia ana e te auahi tuarua i te kāinga, i te mahi rānei, ka piki ake te mōrearea ki te pāngia e te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu mā te 20-30%.
- He maha ngā raruraru hauora e pā ana ki ngā pēpi me ngā tamariki mai i te auahi tuarua, tae atu ki ngā whakaekenga huango e auau ana, e kino ana hoki, ngā mate manawa, ngā mate taringa, me te mate ohorere o te pēpi.
He aha ngā mea ka taea e koe te mahi hei whakaiti i te pānga ki te auahi tuarua?
Mā te whakakore i te auahi tuarua i roto i te taiao o roto ka whakaiti i ōna pānga kino ki te hauora, ka whakapai ake i te kounga o te hau o roto, me te whakamarie, te hauora rānei o ngā kainoho. Ka taea te whakaiti i te pānga o te auahi tuarua mā te whakatinanatanga o te kaupapa here kore auahi kua whakahaua, kua tūao rānei. Ko ētahi wāhi mahi me ngā wāhi tūmatanui kua kati pērā i ngā pae me ngā wharekai he kore auahi e ai ki te ture. Ka taea e te tangata te whakatū me te whakamana i ngā ture kore auahi i roto i ō rātou ake kāinga me ngā waka. Mō ngā whare noho maha-whānau, ko te whakatinanatanga o te kaupapa here kore auahi he mea whakahau, he mea tūao rānei, i runga i te momo whenua me te wāhi (hei tauira, te mana whakahaere me te mana whakahaere).
- Kei te noho te kāinga hei wāhi e pāngia ai ngā tamariki me ngā pakeke e te auahi tuarua. (Pūrongo a te Tākuta Matua, 2006)
- He iti ake te PM2.5 o ngā whare kei roto i ngā whare he kaupapa here kore auahi, ki te whakaritea ki ngā whare kāore i te whakamahi i ēnei kaupapa here. Ko te PM2.5 he ine mō ngā matūriki iti i te rangi, ā, e whakamahia ana hei tohu mō te kounga o te hau. Ka pā kino pea te nui o ngā matūriki ki te hauora ki ngā taumata tiketike o te hau. (Russo, 2014)
- Ko te aukati i te momi hikareti i roto i te whare te huarahi anake hei whakakore i te auahi tuarua i roto i te whare. Ka taea e ngā tikanga hauhautanga me te tātari te whakaiti, engari kāore e whakakore, i te auahi tuarua. (Bohoc, 2010)
Haere mai i https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/secondhand-smoke-and-smoke-free-homes
Wā tuku: 30 o Ākuhata 2022